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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">herba</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гербариум</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Herbarium</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-3925</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «ЦФА»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33380/3034-3925-2026-3-3-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">herba-76</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИРОДНЫХ СУБСТАНЦИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NATURAL SUBSTANCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Молекулярные механизмы гепатопротекторного действия силимарина при токсических и метаболических поражениях печени</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Molecular mechanisms of the hepatoprotective action of silymarin in toxic and metabolic liver injury</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5618-3183</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Падерина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paderina</surname><given-names>Ekaterina E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Аптекарский остров, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 14, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14A, Professora Popova str., Aptekarsky Ostrov Municipal Okrug, Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kati2-02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7107-6669</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихая</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhaya</surname><given-names>Maria A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>197022, г. Санкт-Петербург, вн. тер. г. муниципальный округ Аптекарский остров, ул. Профессора Попова, д. 14, лит. А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>14A, Professora Popova str., Aptekarsky Ostrov Municipal Okrug, Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный химико-фармацевтический университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации (ФГБОУ ВО СПХФУ Минздрава России)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University (SPCPU)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>07</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>52</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Падерина Е.Е., Тихая М.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Падерина Е.Е., Тихая М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Paderina E.E., Tikhaya M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.herbariumjournal.ru/jour/article/view/76">https://www.herbariumjournal.ru/jour/article/view/76</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Хронические заболевания печени, включая вирусные гепатиты, неалкогольную жировую болезнь печени (НАЖБП), алкогольную болезнь печени и лекарственные поражения, остаются значимой медико-социальной проблемой. В патогенезе гепатопатий ключевую роль играют окислительный стресс, хроническое воспаление и активация фиброгенеза. Растительные биологически активные вещества, в частности силимарин из расторопши пятнистой, рассматриваются как перспективные средства комплексной терапии заболеваний печени различного происхождения.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Проанализировать современные данные о механизмах гепатопротекторного, антиоксидантного и противовоспалительного действия силимарина при токсических и метаболических поражениях печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Поиск публикаций проводился в базе данных PubMed за период 2020–2025 гг. с использованием ключевых слов: «silymarin», «silybin», «NAFLD», «liver fibrosis», «oxidative stress», «clinical trial». Проводилась количественная оценка публикационной активности и описательная статистическая обработка данных (частота выявления эффектов, доля клинических исследований). Осуществлялся целенаправленный отбор пятнадцати наиболее релевантных и свежих оригинальных публикаций с детальным анализом данных, представленных в этих статьях.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты и обсуждение</title><p>Результаты и обсуждение. По первичному поиску выявлено 210 публикаций, после удаления дубликатов и исключения нерелевантных источников в анализ включено 48 исследований, в том числе 17 рандомизированных клинических испытаний. В 71 % анализируемых работ отмечено статистически значимое снижение уровней АЛТ и АСТ. Экспериментальные исследования подтверждают ингибирование NF-κB, модуляцию сигнальных путей MAPK, снижение продукции TNF-α и IL-6, а также уменьшение выраженности фиброза в моделях CCl 4 -индуцированного поражения печени.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Силимарин обладает многофакторным механизмом действия, включающим антиоксидантные, противовоспалительные, антифибротические и антиканцерогенные эффекты. Современные лекарственные формы (фосфолипидные комплексы, водорастворимые производные, наночастицы) направлены на повышение его биодоступности и клинической эффективности. Дальнейшие клинические исследования необходимы для определения оптимальных режимов дозирования и отдаленных результатов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Chronic liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease, and drug-induced liver injury, remain a significant global health concern. Oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, and activation of fibrogenesis play key roles in their pathogenesis. Plant-derived bioactive compounds, particularly silymarin from milk thistle, are considered promising agents for adjunctive therapy of liver diseases of various origins.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To analyze current data on the hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of silymarin in toxic and metabolic liver injury.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database for the period 2020–2025 using the keywords: "silymarin", "silybin", "NAFLD", "liver fibrosis", "oxidative stress", "clinical trial". A quantitative assessment of publication activity and descriptive statistical analysis of the data (frequency of effect detection, proportion of clinical studies) were performed. A targeted selection of the fifteen most relevant and recent original publications was carried out, followed by a detailed analysis of the data presented in these articles.</p></sec><sec><title>Results and discussion</title><p>Results and discussion. The initial search identified 210 publications; after removing duplicates and excluding irrelevant sources, 48 studies were included in the analysis, comprising 17 randomized clinical trials. In 71 % of the analyzed studies, a statistically significant reduction in ALT and AST levels was observed. Experimental studies confirm the inhibition of NF-κB, modulation of MAPK signaling pathways, reduction in TNF-α and IL-6 production, as well as a decrease in the severity of fibrosis in models of CCl 4 -induced liver injury.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Silymarin exerts multifactorial hepatoprotective effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, and anticancer activities. Modern pharmaceutical formulations (phospholipid complexes, water-soluble derivatives, nanoparticles) aim to enhance its bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy. Further well-designed clinical studies are required to determine optimal dosing regimens and long-term outcomes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>расторопша пятнистая</kwd><kwd>силимарин</kwd><kwd>силибин</kwd><kwd>гепатопротектор</kwd><kwd>неалкогольная жировая болезнь печени</kwd><kwd>окислительный стресс</kwd><kwd>сигнальные пути</kwd><kwd>фиброз печени</kwd><kwd>антиоксиданты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk thistle</kwd><kwd>silymarin</kwd><kwd>silybin</kwd><kwd>hepatoprotector</kwd><kwd>non-alcoholic fatty liver disease</kwd><kwd>oxidative stress</kwd><kwd>signaling</kwd><kwd>liver fibrosis</kwd><kwd>antioxidants</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Angelico F. Chronic liver disease and management with silymarin: an introductory review of a clinical case collection. 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