herbaГербариумHerbarium3034-3925ООО «ЦФА»10.33380/3034-3925-2026-3-4-91herba-91Research ArticleБИОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ АКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИРОДНЫХ СУБСТАНЦИЙBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF NATURAL SUBSTANCESДоклинические исследования и молекулярный механизм действия валерианы лекарственной (обзор)Preclinical studies and molecular mechanisms of action of Valeriana officinalis L. (review)https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6220-514XФисюкА. Ю.FisiukAliaksandr Yu.

220083, г. Минск, проспект Дзержинского, д. 83

83, Dzerzhinsky Ave., Minsk, 220083

a.fisiuk@yandex.byhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-5401-2656КузнецоваО. А.KuznetsovaOlga A.

220083, г. Минск, проспект Дзержинского, д. 83

83, Dzerzhinsky Ave., Minsk, 220083

gol80181@tut.byhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-9977-7464ЁршикО. А.YorshykOlga A.

220083, г. Минск, проспект Дзержинского, д. 83

83, Dzerzhinsky Ave., Minsk, 220083

olgavgmugnoz@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3397-1220МушкинаО. В.MushkinaOlga V.

220083, г. Минск, проспект Дзержинского, д. 83

83, Dzerzhinsky Ave., Minsk, 220083

olga7081@tut.byУчреждение образования «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет»БеларусьBelarusian State Medical University (BSMU)Belarus20251610202600Принято в печать91Copyright © Фисюк А.Ю., Кузнецова О.А., Ёршик О.А., Мушкина О.В., 20252025Фисюк А.Ю., Кузнецова О.А., Ёршик О.А., Мушкина О.В.Fisiuk A.Y., Kuznetsova O.A., Yorshyk O.A., Mushkina O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.herbariumjournal.ru/jour/article/view/91Введение

Введение. Валериана лекарственная (Valeriana officinalis L.) — широко применяемое в медицинской практике растение, обладающее ценными фармакологическими свойствами и широко представленное на фармацевтическом рынке Республики Беларусь и стран ЕАЭС.

Текст

Текст. Основными группами биологически активных веществ, содержащихся в подземных органах валерианы лекарственной, являются валепотриаты и компоненты эфирного масла (борнеол, изовалериановая кислота и сесквитерпеноиды, включая валереновую кислоту). Экспериментально доказано, что валериана лекарственная оказывает седативное, снотворное, анксиолитическое, антидепрессивное и нейропротекторное действие на центральную нервную систему; спазмолитическое и миорелаксирующее действие на гладкую и скелетную мускулатуру; кардиопротекторное, антиаритмическое и противоишемическое действие на миокард. Ключевыми молекулярными мишенями для биологически активных веществ валерианы выступают ГАМК-А-, аденозиновые A1- и серотониновые 5-HT5a-рецепторы. Токсикологические исследования подтверждают благоприятный профиль безопасности фитопрепаратов валерианы: отсутствие острой и хронической токсичности, мутагенности, генотоксичности и тератогенного потенциала при соблюдении терапевтических дозировок.

Заключение

Заключение. Валериана лекарственная характеризуется многокомпонентным химическим составом, сбалансированным поливалентным фармакологическим действием и высоким профилем безопасности, что обосновывает ее дальнейшее применение в создании стандартизированных лекарственных средств.

Introduction

Introduction. Valeriana officinalis L. is a medicinal plant widely utilized in clinical practice, characterized by valuable pharmacological properties and extensively represented on the pharmaceutical market of the Republic of Belarus and the EAEU countries.

Text

Text. The primary classes of biologically active compounds present in the subterranean organs of Valeriana officinalis are valepotriates and essential oil constituents (borneol, isovaleric acid, and sesquiterpenoids, notably valerenic acid). Preclinical investigations demonstrate that Valeriana officinalis exerts sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and neuroprotective effects on the central nervous system; antispasmodic and muscle relaxant actions on smooth and skeletal muscles; as well as cardioprotective, antiarrhythmic, and anti-ischemic effects on the myocardium. Key molecular targets include GABAA, adenosine A1, and serotonin 5-HT5a receptors. Toxicological evaluations confirm the high safety profile of valerian phytopreparations, showing an absence of acute and chronic toxicity, mutagenicity, genotoxicity, and teratogenicity at therapeutic doses.

Conclusion

Conclusion. Valeriana officinalis possesses a multicomponent chemical composition, proven multitarget pharmacological activity, and an established safety profile, substantiating its ongoing value for developing standardized modern phytomedicines.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.