Features of harvesting plant raw materials of maiden five-leaf grapes in the conditions of the Botanical Garden named after Professor Boris M. Kozo-Polyansky

Introduction. Virgin five-leaf grape (Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch.) is a perennial wild or cultivated liana that is widespread. The plant is classified as understudied, which is why recommendations regarding optimal conditions for harvesting plant raw materials are still lacking. Currently, one of the key tasks in pharmacognosy is to identify new promising plant species among the representatives of the national flora that form a rich resource base. These species should be suitable for obtaining plant raw materials, which serve as the foundation for phytomedicines and/or dietary supplements. This underscores the relevance of the present study.

Aim. Rationalization of the procurement process and the development of quality indicators for plant raw materials "Virgin five-leaf grape leaves".

Materials and methods. The study involved the five-leafed maiden grape leaves harvested in the Voronezh Region during various phenological phases of the plant's life. Tests aimed at developing quality indicators of the studied plant raw materials were performed according to the methods presented in the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XV and the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV editions.

Results and discussion. The rationality of harvesting virgin-leaf grapes during the phase of mass fruiting and reddening of the leaves is shown. It is proposed to collect plant raw materials with a petiole, no more than 5 cm in size, in order to avoid difficulties during drying. Acceptable admixtures to maiden grape leaves are leaves that have changed color, as well as other parts of the plant. Criteria for assessing the quality of a new type of vegetable raw material "Maiden five-leaf grape" are proposed: the amount of flavonoids in terms of rutin is at least 0.9 %; the content of the sum of anthocyanin compounds in terms of cyaniding-3-O-glycoside is not less than 7 %; extractive substances extracted with 70 % ethyl alcohol – not less than 25 %, extractive substances extracted with water – not less than 25 %.

Conclusion. Criteria for assessing the quality of a new type of vegetable raw material "Virgin five-leaf grape leaves" are proposed. The experimental data obtained in the framework of the study were used in the development of instructions for harvesting and drying virgin leaf grapes, which was introduced into the scientific and production activities of the Botanical Garden named after Professor Boris M. Kozo-Polyansky VSU.

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