Нейротропная активность группы стероидных сапонинов корней и корневищ диоскореи ниппонской (Dioscorea nipponica Makino) (обзор)

Введение. Цель — обобщение информации о механизмах нейротропной активности группы стероидных сапонинов корней и корневищ диоскореи ниппонской.

Текст. Нейротропные эффекты стероидных сапонинов диоскореи ниппонской (диосгенина, диосцина, протодиосцина, метилпротодиосцина) включают как неспецифическую нейропротекцию путем снижения нейровоспаления, окислительного стресса и апоптоза, повышения аутофагии и нейрогенеза, так и специфические механизмы, выявленные на моделях отдельных заболеваний, в том числе болезни Альцгеймера, болезни Паркинсона, рассеянного склероза и ишемического инсульта. Также отмечено ноотропное и антидепрессивное действие на некоторых моделях психических расстройств.

Заключение. В настоящем обзоре представлены биохимические и молекулярные механизмы, лежащие в основе развития нейротропных эффектов стероидных сапонинов диоскореи ниппонской, широта которых позволяет рассматривать стероидные сапонины как потенциальные объекты для разработки лекарственных препаратов.

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